In order for this method to be applied to hydrogen combustion, engineers must think outside of the lean combustion – low NOx box and develop new techniques. Dry low NOx (DLN) methods offer an alternative in which combustion takes place at a lower temperature due to the right mix of fuel and air. Although this method reduces NOx emissions, it is still not efficient enough or environmentally sound. The water/steam must be free from impurities. The current combustion method that is being used (wet low emission) injects water into the combustion chamber to reduce the temperature. In order to keep NOx production low, it is critical to use the right combustion technique. Hydrogen also has a higher flame temperature than methane, which can lead to higher production of NOx. Its extreme flammability range and flame speed can cause flames to flashback (propagate upstream in an uncontrolled way). However, hydrogen combustion is not simple. Using hydrogen as a gas turbine fuel offers the possibility of clean energy production with reduced – or even no – emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx). This role is now leaning on gas turbine engines, fueled by natural gas. There is a need to continue producing energy when solar panels and wind-power turbines are offline. Although renewable energy sources have seen a dramatic increase from 5451 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2000 to 9824 TWh in 2019, large-scale energy storage is still a challenge. The global demand for energy continues to increase.
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